Tendinopathy, has become the accepted term to describe a spectrum of changes that occur in damaged and/or diseased tendon. It is a condition that requires careful management and a structured recovery plan. The road to recovery can be long, but with the right approach, one can regain strength in the affected tendon, alleviate pain, and restore function.

Initial Steps: Rest and Protection

When dealing with tendinopathy, the first and the most important step is to rest the affected tendon. Rest allows the damaged tissue time to heal and prevents further injury. Continuing to strain the injured tendon can worsen the damage, potentially leading to more severe complications like partial or complete tendon rupture.

Understanding Strain on Tendons

It`s essential to identify and avoid movements that place stress on the injured tendon. For example, if the knee tendon is affected, activities like climbing stairs should be minimized. If the Achilles tendon is involved, any movement that engages the calf muscles and heel should be avoided. Experts recommend resting the affected tendon for approximately 3 weeks, but this doesn`t mean complete immobility. Gentle movements that do not strain the tendon are usually encouraged to maintain mobility and prevent stiffness.

Supportive Measures

In some cases, additional support like taping, splints, or braces may be necessary to protect the tendon and prevent further strain. These aids are typically worn for about three 3 weeks, depending on the severity of the symptoms and the location of the injury.

Gradual Reintroduction of Activity: Exercise Therapy

Once the acute pain (sudden), inflammation and swelling have subsided, it`s time to gradually reintroduce activity to the affected tendon. Physical therapy plays a vital role in this phase of recovery, with specific exercises designed to stretch and strengthen the tendon.

Eccentric Exercises

Eccentric exercise focuses on movements, that lengthen the muscles. One of the most effective techniques in tendon rehabilitation is eccentric exercise, which involves slowly lengthening the tendon under tension. For instance, from Achilles tendinopathy, an exercise might involve standing on the edge of a step and slowly lowering the heels, then returning to the starting position. This type of exercise helps to relax the tendon and reduce pain.

Progression of Exercises

Initially, these exercises might be performed only a few times each day. As tendon begins to heal, the frequency and intensity of exercises can be gradually increased. It`s essential to perform these exercises under the guidance of a physical therapist who can ensure, using the correct technique and can adjust the program as needed.

Other Therapies: Pain & Recovery

In addition to rest, exercise, and pain management, there are several other treatments available for tendinopathy, though their effectiveness can vary.

• Passive Therapeutic Approaches - Various physical therapies aim to relieve pain and promote healing using heat, cold, electricity, or sound.
• Heat and Cold Therapy - Cold packs can reduce acute (sudden) pain, while heat may be more beneficial for chronic cases. Both methods help in managing symptoms but should be used appropriately depending on the stage of the condition.
• ectrotherapy - Techniques such as iontophoresis involve passing a mild electric current through the skin to improve medication absorption and pain relief. Other methods like electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) or transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) can also be used to manage pain without medication.
• Ultrasound and Shockwave Therapy - These methods use sound waves to break apart adhesions in the tendon tissue. Though considered low risk, these therapies can be uncomfortable and should be performed by a qualified professional.
• Massage Therapy - Deep friction massage can help break up adhesions within the tendon, although it may be painful during treatment. This technique requires skill and should be done by an experienced therapist.
• Pain Management via. Medication - Pain management is a critical component of tendinopathy recovery. Topical or Oral Pain medicines can be prescribed to address the level of discomfort experienced.
• Advanced Interventions: Injections and Surgery - For some individuals, tendinopathy symptoms persist despite conservative treatments. In these cases, more invasive options like injections or surgery may be considered.
• Injections - Various substances, including steroids, hyaluronic acid, or platelet-rich plasma (PRP), can be injected around the tendon to reduce inflammation and promote healing. However, injections carry risks such as pain, swelling, and potential tissue damage. The decision to use injections should be made in consultation with the healthcare provider.
• Surgery - Surgery is generally a last resort, used only when other treatments have failed. Surgery is the only option, when there is tendon rupture or break in tendon continuity as a result of injury. The procedure typically involves removing damaged tissue, repairing the tendon, or lengthening the muscle attached to the tendon. Minimally invasive techniques, which involve small incisions, are often preferred to reduce the risk of complications like infection or nerve damage.
• Surgery - Surgery is generally a last resort, used only when other treatments have failed. Surgery is the only option, when there is tendon rupture or break in tendon continuity as a result of injury. The procedure typically involves removing damaged tissue, repairing the tendon, or lengthening the muscle attached to the tendon. Minimally invasive techniques, which involve small incisions, are often preferred to reduce the risk of complications like infection or nerve damage.

Treatments following Tendon Surgery: Following tendon injury or surgery, the rehabilitation may include exercises, medication, nutritional supportive therapy for tendon healing, etc.

Patience and Persistence: The Key to Recovery

Recovery from tendinopathy requires patience and persistence. While the symptoms can be frustrating, it`s important to remember that healing takes time, often several months. Sticking to the treatment plan, performing exercises regularly, and avoiding activities that strain the tendon are crucial to a successful recovery. If the symptoms are not improving, or if they return after initial treatment, it`s essential to consult with the healthcare provider. They can adjust the treatment plan and explore additional options to help achieve the best possible outcome. Tendinopathy is a challenging condition, but with the right approach, we can recover and return to the normal activities. By understanding the treatment options and following a structured recovery plan, we can manage the symptoms effectively and prevent further injury. Remember, early intervention and consistent care are key to a successful recovery.

Disclaimer:
Source: National Institute of Health (NIH), Ohio, USA